In Norway statistics show that workers and local managers are much more unhappy in the public offices and state healthcare, and leave more often, than in private sectors.

What makes people happy is employment.
What makes people unhappy is for example unemployment.
But people can also get discontent if they feel no attachment to the job.

In the private sectors in Norway we see clearly that salaries for grassroot work increase faster with no or little union help, than in the public sectors.

In the state funded sectors only top positions increase in salary.

This is primarily because of the market competing for workers and leaders.
If there is high consumption there is also low unemployment, and the employers have to compete for personell.
In state bureacracy there is no profit motive, so everything is less interesting and more rigid, the pressure becomes higher on each employee.